Apparatus for shaping hollow metal ware.



PATENTED OCT. 25, 1904.

J. HUMPHREY. APPARATUS FOR SHAPING HOLLOW METAL WARE.

APPLICATION FILED DEG.6, 19oz.

' s SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N0 MODBL'.

W i mm :2 o WAN @IH A i Alli. m Q A 7 W No. 772,940. 7 v PATENTED OCT.25, I904. A J. HUMPHREY.

APPARATUS FOR SHAPING HOLLOW METAL WARE.

APPLICATION FILED 1330.6, 1902.

ITO MODEL.

Nb, 772,940. PATENTED OCT. 25 1904. J'. HUMPHREY.

APPARATUS FOR SHAPING HOLLOW METAL WARE,

APPLIOA'TION FILED DEC. 6, 1902.

no MODEL. a snnmswnmnr a.

Wiiinesses find 62c for ?a.tented OctoberflQ-S, 1904.

I U ITED ST TES PATENT 'OFFIOE.

JAMES HUMPHREY, OF TORONTO, CANADA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF To WILLIAM K.GEORGE, OF TORONTO, CANADA.

APPARATUS FOR SHAPING HOLLOW METAL WARE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 772,940, dated 0ctober25, 1904. Application filed December 6, 1902. Serial No. 134,192. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it'known that I, J AMES HUMPHREY, of the city of Toronto, in thecounty of York, Province of Ontario, Canada, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Apparatus for Shaping Hollow Metal Ware, ofwhich the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to devise means for rapidly fluting,embossing,or otherwise shaping hollow metalware by means of water under.pressure. I am aware that it is not broadly new to employ water for thispurpose; and my invention consists, essentially, in the means employedto close the die'while the water is being displaced to force the metalblank into the pattern of the die and in the means for holding the dieandremoving the finished article, substantially as hereinafter morespecifically described and definitely claimed.

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of my improved apparatus and itsoperating mechanism. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view showing the plungerand die-cover. Fig. 3 is a vertical section showing a modification ofthedie and cover. Fig. 4 is a plan view of a divided die. Fig. 5 is avertical section of another modification of my apparatus. Fig. 6 is afront elevation of the apparatus.

Inthe drawings like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts inthe different figures. 1

In Fig. 1 I show my apparatus with its operating mechanism, the latterbeing shown in a more or less conventional form. In this view A is thebed of the press, and B the framework of the guides for thereciprocating parts. Suitably secured to the bed A is the die-holder 0,within which is placed the removable die D. As dies of difl erent depthswillbeused at different times, I prefer to place a plate Ein the bottomof the die-holder, which may be removed when a deeper die is to beemployed! By this arrangement I save a considerable amount of metal inthe construction of shallow dies. Just at the upper edge of the die alaterally-extending shoulder a is formed in the die-holder surrounded bythe annular flange b. F is acover suitably shaped at itslower side tofit within the annular flange Its lower surface may be shaped to engagethe shoulder a; but I prefer to employ the construction illustrated inFig. 1, in

which an annular plate G is interposed between the bottom of the coverand the shoulder. This plate is held in position by the bolts 0 passingthrough holes in the cover,

these holes being counterbored to provide shoulders for engagement bytheheads of the bolts to limit the vertical play of the annular. plate.A flange d is formed around the outer edge of this plate adaptedtoengage the under side of the packing-ring H, placed in a suitable recessaround the lower portion of the cover F. From this construction itfollows that if the cover be pressed down to bring the plate Gr inengagement with the shoulder a thepacking ring will be compressed andconsequently closely extended against the inner side of the flange 6,making an absolutely water-tight joint. Through the center of the coverworks the plungerI, adapted to descend within the die. A suitablestuffing-box or gland J is provided about the plunger to give aWater-tight joint between it and the cover.

Although I have described the die-holder and die as being separate, yetit will be readily one another without altering the essential featuresof the invention. When the apparatus .is in use, the die anddie-holderpractically form the die and will beso described inthe claims.

I may say that the form of the apparatus just described is that I bestadapted for dishdies that is, dies used in forming comparatively flatopen dishes.

The operation of the apparatus is substantially as follows: The die isheated, preferably to a temperature of 200 or 300 Fahrenheit, either bybeing warmed before be ing placed in the die-holder or in any othersuitable manner. The die itself,,it:- will beunderstood, is fluted orembossed or otherwise shaped to correspond with the pattern to be giventhe finished article.

blank K, pressed or spun so as to approxi- A metal .quantity of waterdisplaced by the plunger is placed in position. This blank haspreferably a flange formed thereon extending over the substantiallyhorizontal upper portion of the l die illustrated or preferably into theshoulder l a. A quantity of hot water is now poured i into the blank,and the cover F is then brought down by suitable mechanism, such ashereinafter described, to effectually close the die, as alreadydescribed. At the same time the pres-- sure of the plate G' on itsflanged upper edge holds the latter so tightly in contact with the dieand die-holder that the water cannot get underneath it to pass betweenthe metal of the blank and the die. W hen the cover is firmly down inposition, the plunger descends and displaces the water within the blank,forcing the metal of the latter into all the flutings, embossing, orother peculiarities of the shaping of the die. It will of course beunderstood that the stroke of the plunger or the mate to the generalshape 'of the die, is then i i just suflicient to force the metal of theblank to assume the contour of the die. I deem it preferable, however,to provide a relief-valve to allow of the escape of surplus water toprevent the pressure becoming so excessive as to break any portion ofthe apparatus. I preferably locate this relief-valve L in the side ofthe plunger I and form a passageway 0 through the plunger communicatingwith the relief-valve. Any excess of pressure is thus safely taken careof. The great pressure exerted in all directions when the plungerdescends into the water naturally has a tendency to spring up the cover,and leakage might occur were it notfor the plate G and the rubberpacking-ring. The pressure of the water on the plate compresses thepacking and maintains a tight joint, and the greater the pressure thegreater the compression and the tighter the joint even if the cover besprung up slightly from its seat.

While any operating mechanism which will bring the cover F down to closethe die and l subsequently project the plunger within the l die willanswer the purpose of my invention. yet in Fig. 1 I illustrateconventionally one method of performing these operations. M l is aholder shaped as a sleeve surrounding the plunger I. To this holder thedie-cover F is suitably secured. The holder M is vertically movable onthe guides f or in any other way common in press construction. To theupper end of the plunger is-pivoted one end of the pitman N, the otherend being connected to the crank 0, fast on the shaft P, journaled inthe frame B. Q represents toggle-levers pivl oted together and havingtheir lower ends pivoted on lugs g on the holder M and their upper endson studs h on the frame of the machine. One of these toggle-levers aloneis shown in the drawings. The upper half of l each toggle-lever isslotted or grooved, as indicated, for engagement by a pin 2 secured tothe upper end of the plunger. This slot is so shaped that while the pinis passing up or down the upper end of it the holder is being rapidlyraised or lowered, and while the pin is passing up or down the portionof it which is vertical in the drawings a dwell occurs, during which thecover is held firmly in contact with the die through the three pivots ofthe toggle-levers being in line with one another. \Vhen this occurs, itwill be seen that the holding down of the cover is. entirely independentof the motion of the plunger, the strain being directly from the holderto the frame of the machine, the pin having merely the function ofpreventing the pivots getting out of line until it again engages theupper portions of the slots in the toggle-levers.

Other constructions may be devised which will answer the purpose of myinvention, the important feature being the mechanical reciprocation ofthe cover and the plunger and the independtait downward movement of thelatter after the die has been closed.

I am aware that it is not broadly new to form hollow metal ware bydisplacing the water in a closed die; but I am not aware that any onehas heretofore provided such means for closing the die and operating theparts as l have just described. The great advantages are rapidity ofaction and the certainty and ease of manipulation. \Vhen the apparatusis in operation, I am not troubled with any leakage of water which wouldnecessarily mar the perfection of the shape of the blank, as any waterwhich improperly escapes means a failure in forcing some part of theblank into intimate contact with the die.

In Fig. 3 I show a slight modification in which the die and holder areadapted for the formation of a tall narrow article. In this case a muchsmaller plunger is used, and the laterally-extending shoulder a slopessomewhat downward. The annular plate (9 is shaped so as to press theupper edge of the metal blank against this shoulder in just the samemanner as in the formation shown in Figs. 1 and 2. It will be noticedthat the cover lits around the upper end of the die. This is animportant feature of my invention as applied to dies for construction oftall comparatively slender articles or dies which, o\\' ing to the shapeof the article, are necessarily divided vertically into several parts topermit of the removal of the finished article. (See Figs. 3 and t.) Thedivisions may extend from top to bottom of thc-die, or the bottom may beformed of a single separate piece. (See Fig. 3.)

With a divided die used for articles formed with a flaring mouth, asshown in Fig. 3, the pressure of the annular plate G tends to spread theparts of the die at their upper ends, so that spaces will be formed intowhich the internal pressure will force the metal of the blank, causingnasty ridges; but the upper end of. the parts of the die are taperedexter- The pressure from within is perfectly resisted by the pressurefrom without and the parts of the die are firmly held in their properposition. I do not illustratein this figure the packing-ring H, which isshown in Fig. l as combined with the annular plate G to compress saidring; but this construction may be employed, if desired, though its mostuseful purpose is with comparatively flat shallow dies, such as shown inFig. 1. In Fig. *1 the die-holder is shown. bolted to the bed of thepress. The arrangement shown in Fig. 3 is more suitable for long-neckedarticles. In this figure I show a plate T, bolted to the bed of thepress. The bottom of the die, it will be noticed, comes flush with thebottom of the die holder, and a projecting pin is formed on the bottomof the die extending into a similarly-shaped hole in the plate T. Whenthis projection is engaged with the hole, the die is properly centeredbeneath the cover and plunger. When the cover and plunger are up, thedie-holder may be lifted by means of the handles Then by striking thepin 7' on some solid object the die will be forced up out of the holderand may be taken apart and the finished article removed. This projectingof a portion of the die below the level of the bottom of the die-holderis an exceedingly useful feature of my invention, and a modification isexemplified in Fig. 5 which will be most extensively employed withsectional dies. In this form the bottom S. of the die, with theprojection j, is separate from the rest of the die, and when thedie-holder and die are removed the bottom remains on the plate T. Inorder to have some portion of the die to bring into contact with somesolid object, the sides U of the die project below the bottom of thedieholder, which latter is shouldered and flanged,

as shown, to engage the similarly-shaped upper surface of the plate T.This construction of the plate and die-holder causes the die to be heldaccurately centered below the cover and plunger, while the bottom S ofthe die is always held centered by its projection 7' fitting the hole inthe plate T. With this construction the die-holder and die are asreadily removed as withthe form shown in Fig. 3 and the die subsequentlyextracted for the removal of the finished article. In this form theupper portion of the die is engaged by the cover in the same manner asshown in Fig. 8, as dies of this shape are necessarily made in severalvertical pieces. I also show in this v figure a packing-ring H betweenthe annular plate G and the bottom of the cover. There is a modificationin the details of this arrangement, however, as the flange d is formedon the bottom of the cover and the recess for the packing in the plateGr. The plate G is held by bolts 0 in the same manner as in Fig. 1;

butthe bottom of the cover is formed of a separate plate V, held inplace by screws Z. This construction is necessitated owing to thelocation of the bolts 0.

In Fig. 1 in order to lift the die after the pressing of the article topermit of the removal of the latter I show an ordinary dieliftingapparatus commonly used in drawpresses instead of the arrangement shownin Figs. 3 and 5. This consists of avertical lift- 1. In apparatus forshaping hollow metal ware, a die provided with a flange surrounding alaterally-extending shoulder;'a cover; an annular plate held at theunder side of the cover so as to have a slight vertical motion andadapted to engage the shoulder and fitting within the flange; and aringof packing located between the plate and cover, in combination witha reciprocating plunger working through the cover and adapted to enterthe die; means for causing the cover to descend to force the annularplate into contact with the aforesaid shoulder; and means forsubsequently projecting the plunger into the die, substantially asdescribed.

2. In apparatus for shaping hollow metal ware, the combination of a die;a mechanically-reciprocated cover adapted to close the die and engagethe edge of a blank placed therein and a mechanically-reciprocatedplunger working through the cover adapted to enter the die,substantially as described.

3. In apparatus for. shaping hollow metal ware the combination of a die;a mechanically-reciprocated cover adapted to close the die and engagethe edge of a blank placed therein; a mechanically-reciprocated plungerworking through the cover adapted to enter the die; and a relief-valvecommunicating through the plunger with the interior of the die whenthe'latter is closed, substantially as described.

4. In apparatus for shaping hollow metal ware, the combination of adie-holder; a die fitted within the die-holder and having a por- TOOtion projecting below the lower side. of the 5. In apparatus for shapinghollow metal ware, the combination of a die-holder; a die fitted withinthe die-holder and having a portion projecting below the lower side ofthe die-holder; and a plate adapted to support and removably engage theprojecting part of the die and die-holder, in combination with a coveradapted to close the die; a plunger working through the cover andadapted to enter the die; means for reciprocating the cover; and meansfor reciprocating the plunger, substantially as described.

6. In apparatus for shaping hollow metal ware, the combination of adie-holder; a vertically-divided open-mouthed die fitted within thedie-holder and projecting above the upper edge of the same, incombination withacover fitting about the upper part of the die andhaving a portion fitting within the open mouth of the same; a plungerworking through the cover and adapted to enter the die; means forreciprocating the cover; and means for reciprocating the plunger,substantially as described.

7. In apparatus for shaping hollow metal ware, the combination of adie-holder; a vertically-divided open-mouthed die fitted within thedie-holder and having its upper portion inwardly beveled and projectingabove the edge of the same; in combination with a cover having a beveledrecess formed therein adapted to engage the similarly-beveled outersurface ofthe upper part of the die and having a portion fitting closelywithin the open mouth of the die; a plunger working through the coverand adapted to enter the die; means for reciprocating the cover; andmeans for reciprocating the plunger, substantially as described.

Toronto, November 28, 1902.

J AMES HUMPHREY. In presence of J. EDW. MAYBnE, JOHN G. RIDoU'r.

